Description
Lion’s Mane is also known as
- Hericium erinaceus (Latin)
- Monkey’s Head
- Houtou (name of a sports drink in China containing Lion’s Mane)
- Igelstachelbart (German)
- Pom Pom Blanc (French)
- Hedgehog Mushroom
- Satyr’s Beard
- Yamabushitake (Japanese)
- Bearded tooth
The percentage of polysaccharides in the fruiting body of Lion’s Mane is around 20%, of which 18.59% is extracted from alcohol. The overall structure of these polysaccharides are: xylose (7.8%), ribose (2.7%), glucose (68.4%), arabinose (11.3%), galactose (2.5%) and mannose (5.2%).
In the past few years there have been many reports on the immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharides. Polysaccharides extracted from the fresh fruiting bodies of Lion’s Mane or Hericium erinaceus cause a rapid increase in lymphocytes.
- Sialic-acid binding lectin (short Siglec).
Sialic acid content of the human brain is the highest among other organisms. In the brain, two families of sialoglycans are of particular interest: gangliosides and polysialic acid. Polysialic acid plays a role in adult brain plasticity, including regeneration. Gangliosides are involved in axon-myelin interactions, axon stability, axon regeneration, and the modulation of nerve cell excitability. Link to article - Sialic acid is directly involved in microbial or viral infection while being recognised as a marker for the onset of cancer cells.
There is a Chinese patent that relates to a method of producing a lectin which specifically binds to sialic acid oligosaccharide from a fruiting body of Helicium Erinaceum. - Phytosterols, such as ergosterol and beta-sitosterol.
One of the most common benefits of eating foods containign beta-sitosterol, is to help the body reduce absorption of cholesterol in the intestines. Phytosterols do this by blocking how much cholesterol is absorbed in the body once consumed.
There are often questions regarding the use of mycelium in mushroom supplements. Some medicinal mushrooms have a lot of beneficial compounds within the mycelium, yet it is a lot more common to just use the fruiting body when producing extracts.
There is an important question that needs answering. Which parts of the mushroom Hericium Erinaceus stimulate NGF (nerve growth factor)? Is it the hericenones within the fruiting body or the erinacines contained within the mycelium?
Fruiting body
Hericenones C, D and E, constituents do not promote NGF gene expression. (to the study)
Hericenones F, G and H were found to stimulate the synthesis of nerve growth factor (NGF) in vitro.(to the study)
Mycelium
Erinacines E and F exhibited potent stimulating activity against NGF synthesis by astroglial cells. (Study)
The diterpenoids, erinacines A, B, and C show potent stimulating activity of nerve growth factor (NGF)-synthesis. (to the study)
Maximum stimulation of neurite outgrowth was recorded within mycelial extracts. (to the study)